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61.
M. R. Islam R. V. Chelakaea J. G. Neff K. G. Fertitta P. A. Grudowski A. L. Holmes F. J. Ciuba R. D. Dupuis J. E. Fouquet 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1995,24(6):787-792
AlGaAs double heterostructures are grown by low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition to evaluate the level of oxygen
contamination in different trimethylaluminum sources. Effects of arsine purifiers, misoriented substrates, atmospheric exposure
of the growth chamber, and possible phosphorus contamination are also studied. Extensive characterization is performed on
these films by a variety of methods, including high-resolution x-ray diffraction, photoluminescence (PL), time-resolved photoluminescence,
and secondary-ion mass spectrometry. The PL intensities for structures grown with the low-alkoxide grade are reproducibly
much greater than those grown with the regular-grade TMA1. The use of AsH3 purification improves the PL intensity. 相似文献
62.
Xiang Lu S. Sundar Kumar Iyer Jin Lee Brian Doyle Zhineng Fan Paul K. Chu Chenming Hu Nathan W. Cheung 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1998,27(9):1059-1066
We have demonstrated feasibility to form silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates using plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII)
for both separation by implantation of oxygen and ion-cut. This high throughput technique can substantially lower the high
cost of SOI substrates due to the simpler implanter design as well as ease of maintenance. For separation by plasma implantation
of oxygen wafers, secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis and cross-sectional transmission electron micrographs show continuous
buried oxide formation under a single-crystal silicon overlayer with sharp Si/SiO2 interfaces after oxygen plasma implantation and high-temperature (1300°C) annealing. Ion-cut SOI wafer fabrication technique
is implemented for the first time using PIII. The hydrogen plasma can be optimized so that only one ion species is dominant
in concentration and there are minimal effects by other residual ions on the ion-cut process. The physical mechanism of hydrogen
induced silicon surface layer cleavage has been investigated. An ideal gas law model of the microcavity internal pressure
combined with a two-dimensional finite element fracture mechanics model is used to approximate the fracture driving force
which is sufficient to overcome the silicon fracture resistance. 相似文献
63.
N‐(4‐Acetoxyphenyl) maleimide (APMI) and three kinds of comonomers bearing a trimethylsilyl group were copolymerized at 60°C in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator in 1,4‐dioxane to obtain the three IP, IIP, and IIIP copolymers. These copolymers were removed from the acetoxy group in a transesterification process into new IVP, VP, and VIP copolymers with a pendant hydroxyl group. Two modified processes were adopted to prepare photoresists using these copolymers. The first process involved mixing the dissolution inhibitor, o‐nitrobenzyl cholate, with the new copolymers. Second, o‐nitrobenzyl cholate was introduced into the copolymers using 1,8‐diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene (DBU) in dimethylformamide (DMF). The cyclic maleimide structure is responsible for the high thermal stability of these copolymers. After irradiation using deep–UV light and development with aqueous Na2CO3 (0.01 wt %), the developed patterns showed positive images and exhibited good adhesion to the silicon wafer without using any adhesion promoter. The resolution of these resists was at least 0.8 μm and an oxygen‐plasma etching rate was 1/5.3 to that of hard‐baked HPR‐204. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 2791–2798, 2002; DOI 10.1002/app.10255 相似文献
64.
液体火箭发动机研制情况的一些回顾 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
顾明初 《导弹与航天运载技术》1997,(5):13-19
40年来,我国液体火箭发动机的研制工作取得了很大成绩。文中对发动机的一些研制情况作了回顾,对YF-73和YF-75氢氧发动机的设计特点、飞行结果作了简单叙述。对今后工作也提出了看法。 相似文献
65.
简要介绍光电微量氧分析仪的改进。通过仪表几个重要特性的试验数据,概述黄磷反应室三种结构对氧与黄磷反应的影响,并应其反应机理作了理论分析。 相似文献
66.
S. Anastasova M. Milanova I. Manolov T. Czeppe D. Todorovsky 《Bulletin of Materials Science》2007,30(5):511-520
The results from DSC and thermogravimetric analysis of gels produced from a mixture of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and octyltriethoxysilane
(OtEOS) both with and without immobilized Ru(II) tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) dichloride as well as DSC and TG data for films deposited by deep-or spin-coating from
the same gels, are reported. The initial products are characterized by elemental analysis, IR, solid state NMR and mass spectroscopy.
Elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy are applied for identification of some of the intermediates obtained after heating
at different temperatures. The final products are characterized by X-ray diffractometry. A hypothesis for the thermodecomposition
processes taking place is proposed. The results reported contribute to elucidation of the properties as well as the temperature
intervals in which the studied microcomposites could be used as sensing components of oxygen sensors. 相似文献
67.
H. de Groot 《Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik》2007,38(12):965-968
Ischemia‐reperfusion injury of the bone occurs due to traumatic and non‐traumatic alterations affecting blood supply to the bone. It is likely to occur also upon insertion of an implant. Ischemia‐reperfusion injury of the bone has been studied by interruption of blood supply in situ, in limb replantation/transplantation models, in revascularized bone grafts and non‐vascularized bone fragments, as well as in isolated cultured cells. All cells of the bone are affected, including osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts, chondrocytes, and bone marrow cells. Critical ischemia times for induction of bone cell death, either in the ischemic period or following reperfusion, are in the range of 3 to 7 h. These critical ischemia times are significantly increased by decreasing the temperature from 37 °C to 0–4 °C. Anoxia is the most likely trigger of cell injury in the ischemic phase. In the reperfusion phase, reactive oxygen species are decisively involved in the injurious process. In general, however, the available information on the mechanism of ischemia‐reperfusion injury of the bone is relatively sparse. On the other hand, there are clear similarities to the mechanisms of ischemia‐reperfusion injury known from other organs, and there is a clear potential for protection against ischemia‐reperfusion injury of the bone. 相似文献
68.
69.
济钢350m^3高炉高富氧生产技术 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
分析了济钢350m^3高炉高富氧对产量,理论燃烧温度,炉况顺行状况,焦比和生产效益的影响,高富氧可提高产量,但升高焦比和高炉理论燃烧温度,一定程度上影响高炉顺行,存在富氧效益最大化的适宜富氧率.高炉生产应低富氧高喷煤,根据钢目前的情况,富氧率经2%-3%为宜. 相似文献
70.
Tek Bahadur Gurung 《Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management》2007,12(4):237-246
Lake Rupa is a small, subtropical, shallow lake with a surface area of 100 ha situated 600 m a.s.l. in Central Himalaya, Nepal. This degraded lake was studied between 2000 and 2006, with the goal of determining whether or not it could be restored by a community‐based cooperative of local people living in its catchment. Main threats to the lake, its aquatic life and its very existence include encroachment by excessive aquatic vegetation, sedimentation, and low in‐lake concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO). Small lakes (≤ 500 ha) are relatively prone to the process of ‘succession and climax’, although they also can be of social, environmental and ecological importance. Thus, their disappearance could spark social chaos and disorder in areas already having to cope with other rapid environmental changes. This means that credible mechanisms for revitalizing or protecting small lakes are an important goal. Accordingly, a lake cooperative of 329 households living in close vicinity to Lake Rupa was formed in 2002, by prioritizing traditional fishers, women and other deprived community members with the goals of respecting the citizenry and equity. Following the cooperative's campaigns directed at weed removal and fish stocking, encroachment of vegetation on the lake margins was halted, its aquatic weeds became under control, and its fisheries improved. In addition to the cooperative's restoration activities, several water quality parameters, including water transparency and DO and chlorophyll‐a concentrations, were monitored on a monthly basis. The measured water transparency was inconsistent, exhibiting large variations between 2000 and 2003. Relatively low, but consistent, values, however, were measured after 2004. The results imply that the removal of weeds, and sufficient nutrients and solar radiation are subsequently available to the lake's phytoplankton communities. Supporting this notion is that the chlorophyll‐a concentration spiked to 205 µg L−1 in November 2006, the water transparency became consistent, and the DO concentration increased to >3.8 mg L−1 during the critical months (March–May) after 2004. These water quality indicators indicated improvement in the degraded Lake Rupa, suggesting that the establishment of cooperatives such as that highlighted in this study could be a powerful and sustainable mechanism for restoring degraded lakes in similar socioeconomic settings by maintaining equity, by connecting communities with their resources, and by facilitating integrity, equity, citizenry and social justice. 相似文献